Pathophysiology Case Study Essay

unhurried Case point 1 For which anatomy is this patient likely taking nifedipine?Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker use to treat high blood pressure and chest pain. diligents previous(prenominal) checkup history indicates that he has had hypertension for years, the patient is most likely taking Nifedipine to manage this condition. May also be taking nifedipine so as to prevent chest pain from his past condition of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).Patient Case Question 2 For which condition is this patient likely taking lisinopril?Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that treats high blood pressure and heart failure. Patient could be taking lisinopril in tandem with nifedipine to manage his hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease.Patient Case Question 3 For which Condition is this patient likely taking paroxetine?Paroxetine is used to treat various mood disorders. It is most likely that the patient is taking paroxetine to treat his generalized anxiety disorder, which he has bee n experiencing for the past 18 months (according to his past medical history).Patient Case Question 4 What is meant by tenting of the skin and what does this clinical sign suggest?Tenting of the skin involves a skin turgor test. By pulling a fold of skin from the back of the hand, lower arm, or abdomen with two fingers one can assess the ability of the patients skin to change shape and return to normal (elasticity). Tenting of the skin, indicates that the skin is not returning to normal quickly, which means the person has severe dehydration, a facile loss of 10% body weight. The result of his skin turgor test indicates late signs of dehydration (patient had skin with poor turgor), and the presence of tenting in the skin indicates the bitterness of his dehydration. Patient Case Question 5 Are the negative Grey turner and Cullen signs evidence of a good or poor scene?A positive test for Cullen sign occurs when a patient has superficial bruising in the subcutaneous fat around the u mbilicus. A positive GreyTurner test occurs when a patient has bruising of flanks (last rib to top of hip), which indicates a retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Both Cullen and Grey Turner signs are used to indicate/predict cunning pancreatitis, when these signs are present one has a high rate of mortality (37%). The patient tested negative for both Grey Turner and Cullen signs, so his prognosis is good.Patient Case Question 6 Identify THREE major risk factors for acute pancreatitis in this patient.Patient has sinus tachycardia, paired with the patients severe dehydration the patient is showing signs of having acute pancreatitis. Patient also has a history of alcohol abuse and is regularly taking ACE inhibitors, which puts him at a high risk of developing acute pancreatitis. Patient also has diminished bowel sounds that indicate possible acute pancreatitis.Patient Case Question 7 Identify TWO abnormal laboratory tests that suggest that acute renal failure has developed in this patient.Pat ients Blood carbamide Nitrogren (BUN) level is 34 mg/dL which indicates decreased kidney function. Patient has a potassium level of 3.5 meq/L which is below normal range (3.7- 5.2 meq/L), this indicates possible renal artery stenosis. Both of these lab results suggest that the patient has developed acute renal failure.Patient Case Question 8 why are hemoglobin and hematocrit abnormal? Patients hemoglobin level is 18.3 g/dL, normal hemoglobin levels for men are between 14 and 18 g/dL. Patients hematocrit level is 53%, normal hematocrit levels are 40-50%. This abnormally high lab results indicate previous(predicate) stages of kidney disease and anemia. Patient has developed acute renal failure, so these test results are as expected for a patient under such conditions.Patient Case Question 9 How many Ranson criteria does this patient have and what is the probability that the patient will die from this attack of acute pancreatitis?Patient has seven points of Ranson criteria. Patients W BC count was over 16K, patient is over age 55, patients blood glucose level was higher than200 mg/dL, patients LDH level was over 350, patient had high BUN level, and Patient had high fluid needs due to his dehydration. Patients predicted mortalitiy is 100% establish upon the Ranson criteria, so it is very likely that the patient will die from this attack of acute pancreatitis.Patient Case Question 10 Does the patient have a significant electrolyte imbalance?Patient has a sodium level that is 1 meq/L below normal range, and a potassium level 0.2 meq/L below normal range. This indicates that the patient is having renal complications that are interfering with electrolyte balance. Patient Case Question 11 Why was no blood haggard for an ABG determination?No blood was drawn for an ABG determination because patients lungs were clear to no auscultation, so no test was needed to test patients blood PH. Also patient had urine with a PH within normal range, so an ABG test was not really nee ded.