Technology and the Media Essay -- social issues

Technology and the MediaIn this essay, British historian and broadcaster Asa Briggs looks at how technical advances made in recent decades have created a revolution in the media, allowing people to communicate in ways they had never dreamed of. Briggs nones that although these modern modes of communicationincluding the television, the personal computer, the Internet, and other digital technologiesare available throughout many parts of the world, these media may be used in different ways depending upon the wonted political and social circumstances. Briggs also raises questions about the forthcoming of the media and how the unfolding media revolution will affect peoples lives.Technology and the MediaThe sense that the world is in the middle of a act communications revolution has been strong since the 1960s when television made its great breakthrough. It was then that the Canadian writer on communications, marshal McLuhan, made his memorable statements that the medium is the messa ge and that the world was becoming a global village. It was then too that the word media became part of daily speech, covering not only electronic media, live television, but older print media, particularly the press.Comparisons were drawn between the progress and the development of television in the 20th speed of light and the advent and diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened between. It was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic medium, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical. It was during the 19th century also that the communications revolution speeded up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading on through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and bm pictures into the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.It is generally recognized, however, that the intro duction of the computer in the 20th century, followed by the creation of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact on the media was not immediately apparent. It now became possible to combine thousands, later millions, of individual transistors on a item-by-item chip. Computers became smaller and more powerful. They became personal... ...iafrom books to motion pictures and from cable to satelliteendanger individual freedom? Will the opportunity of choice, offered to individuals, mean that the field of choice will be genuinely widened? May we not have more and more of the same thing?It is logical to separate out questions relating to technological developments from questions relating to ownership and control, but, in practice, visions of the future world involve bringing them together. It is difficult in relegate circumstances to avoid the blurring of image (seeing the world as it is presented to us or as we present it to ourselve s) and reality. Can truth survive? The media in their mediation can create what has come to be called virtual reality and Internet can offer illusion ways of escaping from the restraints of life as it is lived to a world of cyberspace. Cyber words have multiplied during the 1980s and 1990sfrom cybernaut to cyborg through a whole new vocabulary.It may well be that through an effort to chart the words that we use, and the dates when they were first used, we can achieve a greater understanding of a continuing historical process that encompasses the future as well as the past.